Digital Excess and Cognitive Decline
With Permission, By
David Edelberg, MD @ Whole Health Chicago
Try this experiment. Sit somewhere unobserved, like a
Starbuck’s or a doctor’s waiting room, and just watch people. If you see
someone sitting alone, likely she’ll be checking her smart phone or
laptop or plugging into music. People sitting in groups of two or more
will interrupt themselves to glance at their phones, text-checking. If
someone’s phone actually rings or vibrates, watch for the sudden startle
response, a mini-version of the fight-or-flight response that protects
us from muggers and marauding bears, now mainly used for phone
answering.
Today, devices seem to always trump personal interaction.
If you think about it, just about everyone in your field of vision
does something during the day that involves something digital. Many are
engaged in what’s widely called multi-tasking. Of course when we
multi-task we don’t really perform two or more tasks at the same moment.
We simply spend less time on each effort, incessantly shifting focus
and attention. And after a day in the digital world, we return home,
where we continue to use our electronic devices for personal use, TV’s
800 cable channels and 50,000 Netflix movies at the ready.
According to the latest data, kids 8 to 18 spend 7.5 hours every day
amusing themselves with screen time (TV, video games, phone) and listen
to most of their music (and conduct phone conversations) with ear buds
in position. This prepares them well for the adult digital life we
observed in our earlier Starbuck’s/doctor’s office experiment.
Is a life like this–incessantly audiovisual when young, nonstop
screen and phone checking as we get older–“bad” for us? Are there
long-term health consequences? Since the digital world that dominates
our lives hasn’t been around long, we simply don’t know. But given what
we’re observing now, we can make some educated guesses.
Digital-free camping
For example, when psychologists took a group of 20-somethings on a
five-day, digital-free camping trip, based on well-conceived
psychological testing there was a
50% increase in their creative skills when they returned.
You really can’t interpret a study like this to prove that a 24/7
digital world will necessarily result in a decline of creativity, but
our minds do need stimulus-free down time to develop new ideas. In a
beautiful phraseology, the study’s authors write: “Our modern society is
filled with sudden events (sirens, horns, ringing phones, alarms,
television, etc.) that hijack attention. By contrast, natural
environments are associated with gentle, soft fascination, allowing the
executive attentional system to replenish.”
In its own way, being on a nature trip like this, freeing your mind
to wander or concentrate as you desire, is similar to practicing
mindfulness meditation, a brain exercise anyone can learn that also has been shown to boost creativity.
A lot of research has been done on mindfulness meditation, perhaps
most exciting its ability to rewire your brain (no matter how old you
are), activating the prefrontal cortex so that your brain functions like
that of someone younger than you. Practicing mindfulness meditation
also increases connectivity in the very areas affected most dramatically
by the cognitive decline of aging and Alzheimer’s. It’s even tempting
to conjecture that cognitive decline could be prevented by 15 to 30
minutes of daily mindfulness meditation.
We can’t practice mindfulness meditation and text-check at the same
time. The question then might be asked, “Are we even capable of being
digital-free for a block of time each day? Is it too late to change?”
Apparently, changing is a lot harder than we think.
Digital detox, now with analog games
The New York Times recently reported that an enterprising couple,
themselves once severe digital addicts, were organizing device-free “
Digital Detox”
parties. In addition to the standard party fare of drinks and munchies
were all sorts of analog distractions for idle hands, including board
games, colored thread for friendship bracelets, and manual typewriters.
And yes, it was very (very!) difficult for many people. The reporter
writes that a woman who worked the entry door checking in digital
devices “thought she had seen the unpretty face of addiction” and
withdrawal, with one guest reporting “My whole life is on this phone.”
We really don’t know the long-range effects of 7 ½ hours of daily
screen time on young people. Nor do we know what happens to our brains
when we’re endlessly interrupted by miniaturized startle responses. But
let’s face facts–it doesn’t sound healthy. Are we in the foothills of a
collective cognitive decline, just like we all might be going deaf from
ear buds?
I’ve certainly observed the stress response in my patients who come
into the examining room having forgotten to turn off their phones. One
was in the midst of relating a troubling health issue when her phone
rang (I’ve never been able to completely enjoy Ode to Joy from
Beethoven’s Ninth since phones started blasting it). She embarrassedly
fumbled with her handbag to silence the monster. Two minutes later, it
rang again. “Damn, I thought I’d turned it off. I’m so sorry.” Now she’s
lost track of what she was telling me. Two minutes later, again. Now
she’s really startled. “I am so sorry, Dr E, it’s a new phone and I
can’t seem to get the off button right.”
These events seems to upset my patients far more than me, but as I
sit and watch I worry that anyone could actually live like this. After
this visit, my patient will leave the office, turn her phone on
(correctly), and all day long be besieged by ringing or by its more
ubiquitous cousin, “checking,” “checking,” “checking.”
This might be a good time to consider your own personal digital
detox. Immerse yourself in nature by taking a trip or simply going for
an untethered walk in the park. Consider a course in mindfulness
meditation. Open up a few new brain pathways and…
Be well,